この研究は、5-6歳児を対象に、無線周波電磁界（RF-EMF）への居住環境ばく露（携帯電話基地局からのばく露、屋内発生源の存在、彼らの携帯電話およびコードレス電話の個人使用）と認知機能との関連を評価した。「アムステルダム生まれの小児と彼らの発達（ABCD）調査」から抽出した5-6歳児（n=2354）での横断研究である。携帯電話基地局からの居住環境RF-EMFばく露は、3次元電波伝搬モデルで推定した。RF-EMF屋内発生源の存在（コードレス電話機本体およびWi-Fi）、調査対象小児の携帯電話およびコードレス電話使用は母親からの報告によった。神経心理学的タスク検査（Amsterdam Neuropsychological Tasks）を用いて、情報処理速度、抑制制御、認知的柔軟性、視覚運動協応を評価した。その結果、RF-EMF屋内発生源の存在は、情報処理速度の高値群と関連した；携帯電話基地局からの居住環境RF-EMFばく露およびRF-EMF屋内発生源の存在の高値群は抑制制御および認知的柔軟性の高値群と関連した；その一方、抑制制御および認知的柔軟性の低値群はコードレス電話使用の高値群と関連したなど、全体的には、さまざまなRF-EMFばく露源と5-6歳児の認知機能との関連には一貫性がなかった､と報告している。
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A study was conducted in the Netherlands to investigate the association between exposure to environmental radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from outdoor or indoor sources and the use of mobile or cordless phones and cognitive function in children.
Children's cognitive function was measured as speed of information processing, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and visuomotor coordination by using 4 tasks from the Amsterdam Neuropsychological Tasks program.
Further studies in the same study population were published on sleep problems (Huss et al., 2015) and on behavior problems (Guxens et al., 2013).
| グループ | 説明 |
|---|---|
| 参照集団 1 | residential exposure to mobile phone base station: low (< 50th percentile) |
| 集団 2 | residential exposure to mobile phone base station: medium (50 - 90th percentiles) |
| 集団 3 | residential exposure to mobile phone base station: high (> 90th percentile) |
| 参照集団 4 | indoor sources: no Wi-Fi or cordless phone base station |
| 集団 5 | indoor sources: either W-iFi or cordless phone base station |
| 集団 6 | indoor sources: Wi-Fi and cordless phone base station |
| 参照集団 7 | mobile phone use at the age of 5-6 years: no |
| 集団 8 | mobile phone use at the age of 5-6 years: < 1 call per week |
| 集団 9 | mobile phone use at the age of 5-6 years: 1 - 2 calls per week |
| 集団 10 | mobile phone use at the age of 5-6 years: 3 or more calls per week |
| 参照集団 11 | cordless phone use at the age of 5-6 years: no |
| 集団 12 | cordless phone use at the age of 5-6 years: < 1 call per week |
| 集団 13 | cordless phone use at the age of 5-6 years: 1 - 2 calls per week |
| 集団 14 | cordless phone use at the age of 5-6 years: 3 or more calls per week |
| タイプ | 値 |
|---|---|
| 合計 | 8,266 |
| 評価可能 | 2,354 |
Residential exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields of indoor sources (Wi-Fi and cordless phone base station) was associated with an improved speed of information processing. Children exposed to higher levels of residential radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile phone base stations and with cordless phone base station and Wi-Fi at home showed an improved inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility compared to those children exposed to lower levels of electromagnetic fields from mobile phone base stations and those children without cordless phone base stations and Wi-Fi at home, respectively. Higher residential exposure from mobile phone base stations was associated with a reduced visuomotor coordination whereas an improved visuomotor coordination was observed with cordless phone base stations and Wi-Fi at home and higher personal mobile phone use of the children.
The authors concluded that inconsistent associations between exposure to environmental radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from outdoor or indoor sources and the use of mobile or cordless phones and cognitive function in children aged 5-6 years were found.
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